Pythagorean, began to be developed from the mid 19th century, is built above the ruins of the archaic  city of Samos and in the harbor, many remains exist from the harbor installations of her ancient artificial harbor. In many site there are saved parts of ancient walls, which protected the city, the ruins of the Palaces of Polykrati, the Roman baths and many others. Most important, however from all, is the Evpalinio, or double-edged called trench. It has a length of 1026 meters and you penetrate the mountain that is found above the Pythagorean and has a height of 246 meters. The importance of this project is in that they began to work from both sides of mountain and met in the middle with a very small difference. The aim of the work was the water supply of city and was designed by the architect Eypalinio, from Megara.

Spiliani is located, in a small distance, it is a small church in a big cavern and is dedicated, to honor of the Virgin Mary. Outside from the cave a church of Saint George and certain cells exist. In Pythagorean, the castle of Likourgos also found, that was built in the period of the revolution of 1821 and the airport of Samos is located at small distance. Pythagorean has big tourist infrastructure. It has 1579 residents that almost all work with tourism.